The role of superdiverse home country cities in helping migrants negotiate life in superdiverse host country cities

Global cities and megacities are locales where (super)diversity is experienced in a condensed form. Their social textures are in permanent evolution; they are constructed, deconstructed, and reinvented by their constantly changing inhabitants. Cities constitute spaces where largely identical lifestyles, ‘modes of behaviour’, and ‘patterns of thought and feeling’ (Giddens and Sutton, 2013: 206-220) can be experienced. In the migration literature, superdiverse host country cities, primarily of the global North, are often investigated as destinations of migration, whilst the role of superdiverse home country cities, from which migrants arrive and which are often situated in the global South, is rarely considered. This paper draws on findings from a qualitative study on understandings of integration of highly educated Indian migrant women living in the UK, and mainly in London, who prior to moving to the UK had resided in socially, culturally and demographically highly diverse Indian or other cities. It is argued that pre-migration residence in superdiverse cities shapes the ability to negotiate superdiverse host city spaces. In particular, exposure to superdiverse social environments in India in everyday life and the need to deal with them greatly enhances the propensity for acquiring such mental states and pragmatic skills and approaches that can later be used, at least partially, in other superdiverse contexts

Understandings of integration amongst highly educated Indian women migrants living in the UK

The concept of integration is a ‘controversial and hotly debated’ one (Castles et al. 2001: 12) with blurred boundaries and content. Policy documents and scholarly literature on integration are mainly concerned with social policy aspects of integration, ways integration may be achieved, barriers to integration, and identifying good practices. However, research rarely examines integration as understood by migrants themselves (cf. EAVES 2015). Yet, capturing migrants’ voices is essential to obtain a balanced comprehension (Erdal 2013), especially as integration is frequently conceptualised as a ‘two-way process’ between migrants and host country / society. Numerous recent studies have explored understandings of integration of migrants as a wider group (cf. Cherti and McNeil 2012; Wessendorf 2011). However, adequate attention has not been given to the same with respect to migrant women (e.g. EAVES 2015), and more specifically highly educated migrant women (from more privileged backgrounds). Studying their approaches to integration is highly relevant, the more so as the highly educated are increasingly present amongst migrants, and women (in general) form the majority of the UK’s migrant population (Rienzo and Vargas-Silva 2017). Furthermore, with the main focus of government rhetoric on specific, problematised groups of migrants chiefly defined through their religion and ethnic affiliations, lower skill levels, and gender, non-problematised, highly educated migrant women remain barely visible. This research draws on empirical data gained through 30 open-ended semi-structured interviews conducted in early 2013 with highly educated Indian migrant women of higher social classes who live in the UK. A distinct set of understandings of integration emerged that can be equated with emotional responses and feelings in relation to life in the host country. Other, more concrete integration conceptions were also described, aligned along power lines and agency vectors of the two major players in the integration process, i.e. migrants and host country/society, and viewed, in particular, in relation to the idea that integration is a ‘two-way process’. Finally, the formative role of certain pre-migration factors (including class position), that have possibly informed understandings of integration, was highlighted

Stark Broadening of in III Lines in Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasma

Besides the need of Stark broadening parameters for a number of problems in physics, and plasma technology, in hot star atmospheres the conditions exist where Stark widths are comparable and even larger than the thermal Doppler widths. Using the semiclassical perturbation method we investigated here the influence of collisions with charged particles for In III spectral lines. We determined a number of Stark broadening parameters important for the investigation of plasmas in the atmospheres of A-type stars and white dwarfs. Also, we have compared the obtained results with existing experimental data. The results will be included in the STARK-B database, the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Center and the Serbian Virtual Observatory

Subversive citizens: using free movement law to bypass the UK’s rules on marriage migration

In 2012, new and restrictive spousal reunification laws were implemented in the UK. EU free movement rules however have enabled British citizens to circumvent those restrictions by residing for a period in another Member State, and then returning with their family member to the UK. The article examines the resulting tension between national and EU law. It explores use of the Surinder Singh route (named after the court case which established the rule) against a background in which a much wider group of British citizens than previously are now ineligible for family reunification under national laws. The route is perceived as a threat to government authority in a critical area of national sovereignty, as demonstrated by its invocation in the Brexit process. The article draws on interviews with twenty families who used or planned to use the route and discusses how it provides a safety valve for those with high cultural, but insufficient economic, capital to fulfil the domestic rules. It provides insight into how legal categories are fluid and contingent, demanding analytical flexibility and awareness of their dynamic effect on the lives of marriage migrants and sponsors

A ZND-like detonation wave in the multi-temperature mixture

The detonation wave structure is analysed in a binary mixture undergoing a reversible chemical reaction represented by Ar = Ap. It is assumed that the flow satisfies the proper basic assumptions of the Zel’dovich–von Neumann–Döring (ZND) detonation model, namely the flow is one-dimensional and the shock is represented by a jump discontinuity, but the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium is disregarded. This allows us to deeply investigate the coupling between the detonation structure of overdriven detonations and its chemical kinetics. The thermodynamic non-equilibrium effects are taken into account in the mathematical description, using the model of a multi-temperature mixture developed within extended thermodynamics, which has been proved to be consistent with a kinetic theory approach. The reaction rate is then enriched with terms that take into account the temperatures of the constituents. The results show that the temperature difference between components within the detonation wave structure, which describes thermodynamic non-equilibrium, is driven by the chemical reaction. Numerical computations confirm the existence of non-monotonic profiles in the reaction zone of overdriven detonations which are sensitive to changes in the activation energy and reaction heat.This work was supported (D.M. & S.S.) by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, through the project “Mechanics of nonlinear and dissipative systems—contemporary models, analysis and applications”, Project No. ON174016 and (A.J.S.) by the Portuguese Funds FCT, Portugal, Project UID/MAT/00013/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Opportunities and Weaknesses in Professional Development of Teachers at Secondary Schools of Agriculture in Serbia

Recent developments in market economies have showed that education and human resource creation are among the top priorities of national strategies and social, economic, and technological progress policies. The common denominator of educational reforms in many European countries is an attempt to set up a flexible system for professional education and development to respond to changes in labour market demands. In 2012, the Serbian Government adopted Serbia’s Education Strategy until 2020. This document provides for professional development of teachers and expert assistants at secondary specialist schools. Some of the projected actions involve working out various models of professional development, primarily teacher practice in their respective professions, carried out in companies or institutions. This document focuses on continuing professional development through various forms of formal and informal education. Success in finding acceptable solutions in food production technology largely depends on educated staff in agriculture and their engagement in transferring their knowledge and technologies to agricultural practice. Secondary school education is most important as it is the education level producing a qualified student who will do a specific job. The aim of this paper is to address to the need and weaknesses in continuing professional development of teachers at secondary schools of agriculture in Serbia. The weaknesses experienced in practice regarding their development are numerous and often hard to overcome. How to recognise these weaknesses and resolve them is the subject matter of this paper. The paper presents the organizational weaknesses of accredited seminars and their evaluation

Dimensional structural constants from chiral and conformal bosonization of QCD

We derive the dimensional non-perturbative part of the QCD effective action for scalar and pseudoscalar meson fields by means of chiral and conformal bosonization. The related structural coupling constants L_5 and L_8 of the chiral lagrangian are estimated using general relations which are valid in a variety of chiral bosonization models without explicit reference to model parameters. The asymptotics for large scalar fields in QCD is elaborated, and model-independent constraints on dimensional coupling constants of the effective meson lagrangian are evaluated. We determine also the interaction between scalar quarkonium and the gluon density and obtain the scalar glueball-quarkonium potential.Comment: 21 pages, LaTe